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Juges 13
Il y avait alors à Çorea un homme d’une famille de Danites, appelé Manoah. Sa femme était stérile, elle n’avait jamais enfanté. 3 Or, un ange du Seigneur apparut à cette femme et lui dit: "Vois, tu es stérile, tu n’as jamais eu d’enfant: eh bien! tu concevras, et tu auras un fils. 4 Et maintenant observe-toi bien, ne bois ni vin ni autre liqueur enivrante, et ne mange rien d’impur. 5 Car tu vas concevoir et enfanter un fils; le rasoir ne doit pas toucher sa tête, car cet enfant doit être un Naziréen consacré à Dieu dès le sein maternel, et c’est lui qui entreprendra de sauver Israël de la main des Philistins."… Cette femme donna le jour à un fils, qu’elle nomma Samson. L’enfant grandit et fut béni du Seigneur.
Sotah 10
And the child grew, and the Lord blessed him.2 Wherewith did He bless him? — Rab Judah said in the name of Rab: With his physique which was like that of other men but his manly strength was like a fast-flowing stream.3
Genese 49
Dan sera l'arbitre de son peuple, sous lui se grouperont les tribus d'Israël.
Pesahim 4a
A certain man used to say, ‘Judge my case’.( In every dispute he insisted on going to law) Said they, This proves that he is descended from Dan, for it is written, Dan shall judge his people, as one of the tribes of Israel.8 A certain man was wont to go about and say, ‘By the sea shore thorn-bushes are fir-trees.’9 They investigated and found that he was descended from Zebulun, for it is written, Zebulun shall dwell at the haven of the sea.10
Sotah 10
And Samson called unto the Lord, and said: O Lord God, remember me, I pray Thee and strengthen me, I pray Thee, that I may be at once avenged of the Philistines for my two eyes.4 Rab said: Samson spoke before the Holy One, blessed be He, Sovereign of the Universe, Remember on my behalf the twenty5 years I judged Israel, and never did I order anyone to carry my staff from one place to another.
R. Johanan said: 'Grind' means nothing else than [sexual] transgression; and thus it is stated: Then let my wife grind unto another.11 It teaches that everyone brought his wife to him to the prison that she might bear a child by him [who would be as strong as he was]. R. Papa said: That is what the proverb tells, 'Before the wine-drinker [set] wine, before a ploughman a basket of roots.'
R. Johanan also said: Whoever is faithless, his wife is faithless to him; as it is said: If mine heart have been enticed unto a woman, and I have laid wait at my neighbour's door12 and it continues, Then let my wife grind unto another, and let others bow down upon her. That is what the proverb tells, 'He among the full-grown pumpkins and his wife among the young ones'.
R. Johanan also said: Samson judged Israel in the same manner as their Father in heaven; as it is said: Dan shall judge his people as One.13 R. Johanan also said: Samson was called by the name of the Holy One, blessed be He; as it is said: For the Lord God is a sun and a shield.14 According to this argument, [his name] may not be erased!15 — The intention is that [his name] was typical of the name of the Holy One, blessed be He;16 as the Holy One, blessed be He, shields the whole world, so Samson shielded Israel during his generation.
Genese 49
Dan sera l'arbitre de son peuple, sous lui se grouperont les tribus d'Israël. 17 II sera, Dan, un serpent sur le chemin, un aspic dans le sentier: il pique le pied du cheval et le cavalier tombe renversé. 18 J’espère en ton assistance, Seigneur.
Rashi
son peuple sur les Plichtim, comme dans : « Hachem vengera (yadin) Son peuple » (Devarim 32, 36).
Comme une des tribus d’Israël Tout Israël sera « uni » avec lui, et il les jugera tous. Cette prophétie s’applique à Chimchon (Samson) (Midrach tan‘houma 12, Beréchith raba 99, 11). On peut aussi expliquer comme suit : [Dan vengera son peuple] comme le fera la plus célèbre (hameyou‘had : « l’unique ») des tribus, à savoir comme Dawid, issu de la tribu de Yehouda.
Un aspic Le mot chefifon (« aspic ») est synonyme de na‘hach, ainsi nommé, à mon avis, parce qu’il émet des sifflements (nochéf), comme dans : « et toi, tu lui briseras (techoufènnou) le talon » (supra 3, 15. Voir Rachi ibid.).
Il mord les talons du cheval Comme le fait le serpent. Dan est comparé à un serpent qui mord le cheval au talon.
Son cavalier tombe renversé Sans que le serpent l’ait touché. Nous en trouvons l’illustration chez Chimchon : « Chimchon saisit les deux colonnes... ». (Choftim 16, 29), et ceux qui étaient sur le toit sont morts. Le Targoum Onqelos propose le mot ‘hourman, une sorte de serpent dont la morsure est mortelle. Il s’agit de la vipère, ainsi appelée parce qu’elle détruit tout (‘hérem). Quant au mot oukhefitna dans le Targoum, il signifie : « comme un aspic (pèthèn) », et yikhmon [le verbe qui lui fait suite] : « il reste aux aguets ».
En ton secours, j’espère, Hachem Il prédit ici que les Plichtim crèveront les yeux de Chimchon et que celui-ci demandera une dernière fois : « Souviens-toi de moi, de grâce, et donne-moi des forces cette fois encore... ». (Choftim 16, 28).
Ruth 1 1
A l'époque où gouvernaient les Juges, il y eut une famine dans le pays; un homme quitta alors Bethléem en Juda pour aller séjourner dans les plaines de Moab, lui, sa femme et ses deux fils…
Baba batra 15b
R. Johanan further said: What is the import of the words, And it came to pass in the days of the judging of the judges? It was a generation which judged its judges. If the judge said to a man, 'Take the splinter from between your teeth,'20 he would retort, 'Take the beam from between your eyes.' If the judge said, 'Your silver is dross,' he would retort, 'Your liquor is mixed with water.'21
Baba batra 91a
Rabbah, son of R. Huna, said in the name of Rab: Ibzan15 is Boaz. What does he come to teach us [by this statement]? — The same16 that Rabbah son of R. Huna [taught elsewhere]. For Rabbah, son of R. Huna, said in the name of Rab: Boaz made for his sons a hundred and twenty wedding feasts, for it is said, And he [Ibzan]17 had thirty sons, and thirty daughters he sent abroad, and thirty daughters he brought in from abroad for his sons; and he judged Israel seven years;18 and in the case of everyone [of these] he made two wedding feasts, one in the house of the father and one in the house of the father-inlaw. To none of them did he invite Manoah,19 [for] he said, 'Whereby will the barren mule repay me?'20 All these died in his lifetime. It is [in relation to such a case as] this that people say: 'Of what use to you are sixty; the sixty that you beget for your lifetime?21 [Marry] again22 and beget [one] brighter23 than sixty
Genses 49
Tu es un jeune lion, Juda, quand tu reviens, ô mon fils, avec ta capture! II se couche; c'est le repos du lion et du léopard; qui oserait le réveiller? 10 Le sceptre n'échappera point à Juda, ni l'autorité à sa descendance, jusqu'à l'avènement du Pacifique auquel obéiront les peuples.
Deut 33 22
Au sujet de Dan, il dit: "Dan est un jeune lion qui s'élance du Basan."